{"id":1351,"date":"2026-05-16T10:26:11","date_gmt":"2026-05-16T10:26:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/?page_id=1351"},"modified":"2026-05-16T10:26:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-16T10:26:12","slug":"tests-used-to-determine-induction-motor-parameters","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/?page_id=1351","title":{"rendered":"Tests Used to Determine Induction Motor Parameters"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Because the induction\u2011motor equivalent circuit closely resembles that of a transformer, a similar set of standard tests is used to determine the machine\u2019s electrical parameters. These tests allow calculations and modelling to be carried out easier:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. DC Test \u2013 Determination of Stator Resistance (<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"19\" height=\"22\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/64f14b28-5983-44ad-8453-ebb3afe295cc\"><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A variable DC voltage source is connected across two stator terminals. The voltage is adjusted until approximately the rated stator current flows, and the stator resistance is calculated using Ohm\u2019s law:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><msub><mi>I<\/mi><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mfrac><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">R_{dc}=\\frac{V_{dc}}{I_{dc}}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Because DC applies equal current through all winding segments, the measured resistance must be converted to per\u2011phase form:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>For a star\u2011connected stator:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">R_1=\\frac{R_{dc}}{2}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>For a delta\u2011connected stator:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>3<\/mn><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">R_1=\\frac{3R_{dc}}{2}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This test provides the stator copper resistance needed for modelling losses and forming the series impedance in the equivalent circuit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. No\u2011Load (Off\u2011Load) Test \u2013 Core Losses and Magnetising Branch (<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"22\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/c166d9b4-7be6-45c5-8b44-5172c520669a\"><strong>&nbsp;and <\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"23\" height=\"22\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/245a96e1-4958-41cf-8616-4ad585b2798d\"><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the no\u2011load test, the motor is energised at rated voltage and frequency while running freely without any mechanical load. Under this condition, the useful output power is zero, so almost all the input power represents:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Core losses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Friction and windage losses<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Magnetising current requirements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The no\u2011load input power therefore equals the motor\u2019s internal losses at operating speed, allowing the parameters of the magnetising branch (<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\">\u00a0and <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"22\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\">) to be extracted. All converted power, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"34\" height=\"22\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\">, is dissipated mechanically, meaning:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>P<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>\u2248<\/mo><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">C<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">o<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">r<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">e<\/mi><\/mrow><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">L<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">o<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">s<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">s<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><mo>+<\/mo><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">F<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">r<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">i<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">c<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">t<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">i<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">o<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">n<\/mi><\/mrow><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">a<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">n<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">d<\/mi><\/mrow><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">W<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">i<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">n<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">d<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">a<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">g<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">e<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">P_{in}\\approx\\mathrm{Core\\ Loss}+\\mathrm{Friction\\ and\\ Windage}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>This test provides the excitation characteristics of the motor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Locked\u2011Rotor Test \u2013 Rotor and Stator Leakage Impedances<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the locked\u2011rotor test, the rotor is mechanically locked so it cannot rotate. A reduced AC voltage is then applied to the stator, and the voltage, current, and total input power are measured. The voltage is adjusted so that the current reaches approximately full\u2011load current.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With no rotation, the slip is effectively 1, meaning the rotor operates at standstill frequency. Under this condition, the magnetising branch contributes minimally and can be neglected, allowing the measured impedance to represent the combined stator and rotor leakage impedances:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>Z<\/mi><mrow><mi>L<\/mi><mi>R<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><mi>j<\/mi><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><msub><mi>X<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>X<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Z_{LR}=R_1+R_2+j(X_1+X_2)<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Since <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"17\" height=\"22\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/21f2a7db-b734-4bd4-b76c-c80a78b7d2bc\"> is already known from the DC test, the rotor resistance <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"21\" height=\"22\" src=\"blob:https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/ab8b07d1-eea3-4bb4-b69c-8bb49065fe83\">can be obtained by simple subtraction. The reactive part determines the combined leakage reactances. The best way to learn how to interpret this test data is to work through an example problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example Induction Motor Parameter Question<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A three-phase, star-connected induction motor rated at 415 V and 50 Hz, with a rated winding current of 45 A, was subjected to a series of tests to determine its performance characteristics. During the D.C. test, an applied phase-to-phase voltage of 25 V produced a current of 45 A. In the no-load test, the motor operated at a line voltage of 415 V with a line current of 7.5 A, and the measured three-phase power was 600 W. For the locked-rotor test, the motor was supplied with a line voltage of 70 V, drawing a line current of 35 A, and the recorded three-phase power was 2750 W.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DC Test<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>I<\/mi><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>45<\/mn><mrow><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">I_{dc}=45\\mathrm{\\ A}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mi>R<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mi>V<\/mi><mi>I<\/mi><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mn>25<\/mn><mn>35<\/mn><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0.71<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">R=\\frac{V}{I}=\\frac{25}{35}=0.71\\Omega<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mn>0.70<\/mn><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0.357<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">R_1=\\frac{0.70}{2}=0.357\\Omega<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>No-Load Test<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>L<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>415<\/mn><mrow><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">V<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mo>=<\/mo><mn>7.5<\/mn><mrow><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><mo separator=\"true\">,<\/mo><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>P<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>600<\/mn><mrow><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">W<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V_L=415\\mathrm{\\ V},=7.5\\mathrm{\\ A}, \\ P=600\\mathrm{\\ W}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u03b8<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><msup><mrow><mi>c<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mo lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">\u2212<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msup><mrow><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"prefix\">(<\/mo><mfrac><mi>P<\/mi><mrow><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mi>V<\/mi><mi>I<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mfrac><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"postfix\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><mo>=<\/mo><msup><mrow><mi>c<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mo lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">\u2212<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msup><mrow><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"prefix\">(<\/mo><mfrac><mn>600<\/mn><mrow><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>415<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>7.5<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfrac><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"postfix\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\theta={cos}^{-1}\\left(\\frac{P}{\\sqrt3VI}\\right)={cos}^{-1}\\left(\\frac{600}{\\sqrt3\\times415\\times7.5}\\right)<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u03b8<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>83.6<\/mn><mi>\u00b0<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\theta=83.6\u00b0<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"333\" height=\"236\" src=\"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-54.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1352\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.411109921866638;width:237px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-54.png 333w, https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-54-300x213.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 333px) 100vw, 333px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mi>P<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>w<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>T<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>g<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>a<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>r<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><mi>h<\/mi><mi>i<\/mi><mi>p<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>t<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>C<\/mi><mi>u<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>a<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>I<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><mi>p<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>c<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Power\\ Triangle\\ and\\ relationship\\ to\\ Current\\ and\\ Impedance<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"940\" height=\"186\" src=\"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-56.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1354\" style=\"width:671px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-56.png 940w, https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-56-300x59.png 300w, https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-56-768x152.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 940px) 100vw, 940px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Current components:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>I<\/mi><mrow><mi>R<\/mi><mi>T<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mi>I<\/mi><mrow><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><\/mrow><mi>\u03b8<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>7.5<\/mn><mrow><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><\/mrow><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><msup><mn>83.6<\/mn><mo>\u2218<\/mo><\/msup><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0.836<\/mn><mrow><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">I_{RT}=I\\cos\\theta=7.5\\cos({83.6}^\\circ)=0.836\\mathrm{\\ A}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>I<\/mi><mrow><mi>X<\/mi><mi>T<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mi>I<\/mi><mrow><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><\/mrow><mi>\u03b8<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>7.5<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mrow><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><\/mrow><mrow><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"prefix\">(<\/mo><msup><mn>83.6<\/mn><mo>\u2218<\/mo><\/msup><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"postfix\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><mo>=<\/mo><mn>7.45<\/mn><mrow><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">A<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">I_{XT}=I\\sin{\\theta}=7.5\\times\\sin{\\left({83.6}^\\circ\\right)}=7.45\\mathrm{\\ A}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Using Ohms Law you can get the following:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mi>V<\/mi><mi>I<\/mi><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mn>240<\/mn><mn>0.836<\/mn><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mn>287.1<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">R_m=\\frac{V}{I}=\\frac{240}{0.836}=287.1\\Omega<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>X<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mi>V<\/mi><mi>I<\/mi><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mn>240<\/mn><mrow><mn>7.45<\/mn><mo>&lt;<\/mo><mn>83.6<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mn>32.2<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X_m=\\frac{V}{I}=\\frac{240}{7.45&lt;83.6}=32.2\\Omega<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Locked Rotor Test<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The rotational losses (Rm &amp; Xm) are negligible; therefore the equivalent circuit is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"538\" height=\"177\" src=\"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-57.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1355\" style=\"width:355px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-57.png 538w, https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-57-300x99.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>p<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>70<\/mn><mi>V<\/mi><\/mrow><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mn>40.4<\/mn><mi>V<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V_p=\\frac{70V}{\\sqrt3}=40.4V<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mi>Z<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mi>V<\/mi><mi>I<\/mi><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mn>70<\/mn><mn>35<\/mn><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mn>2.0<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Z=\\frac{V}{I}=\\frac{70}{35}=2.0\\Omega<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u03b8<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><msup><mrow><mi>c<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mo lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">\u2212<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msup><mrow><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"prefix\">(<\/mo><mfrac><mi>P<\/mi><mrow><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mi>V<\/mi><mi>I<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mfrac><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"postfix\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><mo>=<\/mo><msup><mrow><mi>c<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mo lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">\u2212<\/mo><mn>1<\/mn><\/mrow><\/msup><mrow><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"prefix\">(<\/mo><mfrac><mn>2750<\/mn><mrow><msqrt><mn>3<\/mn><\/msqrt><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>70<\/mn><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>35<\/mn><\/mrow><\/mfrac><mo fence=\"true\" form=\"postfix\">)<\/mo><\/mrow><mo>=<\/mo><mn>49.6<\/mn><mi>\u00b0<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\theta={cos}^{-1}\\left(\\frac{P}{\\sqrt3VI}\\right)={cos}^{-1}\\left(\\frac{2750}{\\sqrt3\\times70\\times35}\\right)=49.6\u00b0<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"338\" height=\"205\" src=\"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-58.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1356\" style=\"width:206px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-58.png 338w, https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/image-58-300x182.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 338px) 100vw, 338px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mi>T<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mi>Z<\/mi><mrow><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><\/mrow><mi>\u03b8<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>2.0<\/mn><mrow><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><\/mrow><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mn>49.6<\/mn><mi>\u00b0<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mo>=<\/mo><mn>1.30<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">R_T=Z\\cos\\theta=2.0\\cos(49.6\u00b0)=1.30 \u03a9<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>X<\/mi><mi>T<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mi>Z<\/mi><mrow><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><mi>sin<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><\/mrow><mi>\u03b8<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mn>2.0<\/mn><mrow><mspace width=\"0.1667em\"><\/mspace><mi>cos<\/mi><mo>\u2061<\/mo><\/mrow><mo form=\"prefix\" stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mo><mn>49.6<\/mn><mi>\u00b0<\/mi><mo form=\"postfix\" stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mo><mo>=<\/mo><mn>1.52<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X_T=Z\\sin\\theta=2.0\\cos(49.6\u00b0)=1.52 \u03a9<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mi>T<\/mi><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>1.30<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">R_T=R_1+R_2=1.30\\mathrm{\\Omega}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mn>0.357<\/mn><mo>+<\/mo><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>1.30<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">0.357+R_2=1.30\\mathrm{\\Omega}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>R<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mn>1.30<\/mn><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mn>0.357<\/mn><mo>=<\/mo><mn>0.943<\/mn><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">R_2=1.30-0.357=0.943\\mathrm{\\Omega}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><mi>I<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>a<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><mi>u<\/mi><mi>m<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><msub><mi>X<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>a<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><mi>d<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><msub><mi>X<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>a<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>e<\/mi><mi>q<\/mi><mi>u<\/mi><mi>a<\/mi><mi>l<\/mi><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mi>t<\/mi><mi>h<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mi>f<\/mi><mi>o<\/mi><mi>r<\/mi><mi>e<\/mi><mo lspace=\"0.2222em\" rspace=\"0.2222em\">:<\/mo><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">Its\\ assumed\\ X_{1}\\ and\\ X_{2}\\ are\\ equal\\ therefore:<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-math\"><math display=\"block\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>X<\/mi><mn>1<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><msub><mi>X<\/mi><mn>2<\/mn><\/msub><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><mn>1.52<\/mn><mn>2<\/mn><\/mfrac><mrow><mo lspace=\"0em\" rspace=\"0em\">=<\/mo><mn>0.76<\/mn><mtext>&nbsp;<\/mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a9<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mrow><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">X_1=X_2=\\frac{1.52}{2}\\mathrm{=0.76\\ \\Omega}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Because the induction\u2011motor equivalent circuit closely resembles that of a transformer, a similar set of standard tests is used to determine the machine\u2019s electrical parameters. These tests allow calculations and modelling to be carried out easier: 1. DC Test \u2013 Determination of Stator Resistance () A variable DC voltage source is connected across two stator [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1351","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tests Used to Determine Induction Motor Parameters - Power Systems Explained<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about the tests used to determine induction motor parameters, including no-load, blocked-rotor tests and equivalent circuit analysis.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.powersystemsexplained.com\/?page_id=1351\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tests Used to Determine Induction Motor Parameters - 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